1. Short Conversatio
A : You are
John Smith?
B : I’ve
been asked that three times already during the investigations. You should know
by now.
·
The
objective of short conversation expressed that A asked something to B for
confirm whether the suspect’s name is John Smith or not. But B answered A with
irritated expression because he annoyed when the same question was asked to him
three times. So the B’s answer didn’t match with what A asked to him.
·
The
Situation
Setting :
on the court
Scene :
formal
Participants :
A as a judge and B as a suspect named John Smith
Ends :
asking confirmation and show an irritation answer
Act sequences :
Suspect came to hall of the court, Judge opened the session court, Judge asked
suspect
Keys :
Serious
Instrumentalities :
Spoken standard language
Norms :
Suspect must give respect to the session court
Genres :
Conversation
3.
‘Language’
and ‘marriage’ can also be seen as institutions because both of them involves
the rules which is regulate individual behavior through a system of social and
it’s also can be seen as mediators or means for individuals to form or get
connected to society.
5. The
objective of A’s utterance wasn’t intended to give any information and also B
wasn’t intended to answer or asking back to gain information. It has an effect
that they were give respond from their utterance in order to can get connected
each other.
Phatic Communion from that conversation could be that
A and B is one kind of good manners conversation which is intended to perform a
communion between the passengers.
6. The difference is De Beaugrande’s
idea believe that context related to the environment around the text or the
spoken data, however, Leech states that context is related with the
interpretation of listener which is constructed from each background knowledge
both speaker and listener.
8. A: (conductor speaking to a passenger in the no-smoking section of a train)
Sir, there is no smoking there.
B:
(passenger holding up a lit cigarette) Then what does it look like I’m doing?
· The
objective of A’s utterance could be that A wants to warn B not to smoke with
declarative sentence, while B counters it with question which the objective
could be that he wanted to say that he didn’t smoke yet which express irritated
expression.
·
The effect
of A’s directive meaning makes B felt a bit irritated and cancel his intention
to smoke.
·
The
Situation
Setting :
in the train
Scene :
formal
Participants :
A as a conductor and B as a passenge
Ends :
warn not to smoke and answer with irritated expression
Act
sequences : A sitting down in the seat, A wanted
to light a cigarette, B came and warn him not to smoke
Keys :
Serious
Instrumentalities :
Spoken standard language
Norms :
rule must be obeyed
Genres :
Conversation
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